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A Travel Plan is a package of actions designed by a workplace, school or other organisation to encourage safe, healthy and sustainable travel options. By reducing car travel, Travel Plans can improve health and wellbeing, free up car parking space, and make a positive contribution to the community and the environment. Every Travel Plan is different, but most successful plans have followed a structured process〔(Travel Plan process overview (Land Transport NZ, NZ) )〕 in their development: The term Travel Plan has now largely replaced Green Transport Plan as the accepted UK term for a concept which first emerged in the USA during the 1970s (as Site-Based Transportation Demand Management) and subsequently transferred to the Netherlands in 1989 (where the terms Company or Commuter Mobility Management were applied). ==The features of the Travel Plan and how the concept works== From the above and other definitions, the common features that underpin the Travel Plan concept are:〔(Sustainable Transport, Mobility Management and Travel Plans, Ashgate, Farnham, 2012, Enoch M P )〕 *Travel Plans are not really an instrument themselves, but a delivery mechanism or strategy for other mostly transport-focused measures. *Travel Plans are delivered by an additional 'agent' that is not a part of the 'traditional' transport policy institutional structure. *Travel Plans are initiated in two ways: either by the organisation or by government. *Travel Plans seek to deliver transport and related benefits to the community as well as some more direct organisational benefits to the participating 'delivery agents'. *Travel Plans are to some extent site-specific, that is tailored to the specific contextual circumstances. *Travel Plans to some extent deliver a package or a strategy of a wide variety of transport instruments. Travel Plans can work well because of some of these characteristics. Thus, the 'package approach' allows complementary tools to be implemented in one go, which means effective but unpopular tools (e.g. parking restrictions) can be introduced alongside popular but expensive tools (like bus subsidies) to deliver the required benefits whilst cancelling out the negative impacts. Next, the use of the additional 'agent' such as a workplace, school or even a football club which means that Travel Plans replace the largely negative relationship between local authority and citizen with a more positive relationship (e.g. between employer and employee, or between school and parent/pupil). Finally, the site specific nature of Travel Plans means they are developed at the neighbourhood level and consequently focus directly on the transport needs of the users in that local area. The Travel Plan concept works by developing balanced packages of user-focused transport tools in a partnership that seeks to provide meaningful benefits to each of the stakeholders involved, namely: improved travel choices to individuals; cost savings, happier and healthier staff and better company image to implementing organisations; additional business opportunities to service providers; and congestion reduction and improved air quality to Government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Travel plan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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